麦金德的思想一直被认为是地缘政治学中最经典的理论之一。通过开辟全球性战略视角，麦金德将绝对的地理环境与关系空间联系起来，深刻影响了一个国家的地缘战略决策，推动了地缘政治研究的发展。然而，随着科学技术的巨大进步，批判地缘政治对以麦金德为代表的古典地缘政治学进行了全方位的批判。正如“麦金德悖论”所体现的那样，批评者认为地理决定论不能充分解释当代全球政治格局的复杂性。然而，无论是支持麦金德与否，双方都有一个共同的缺陷，即没有对麦金德的地缘政治思想进行全面的理解。不同视角的研究只侧重麦金德理论的某一个切面，忽略了其思想提出的整个背景。拼装理论的方法近年来越来越多地作为空间和关系过程的描述符来参与地理学的分析，因此本文试图通过拼装理论来重新理解并解读麦金德思想。研究得出，麦金德的思想本身并不是一个真理原则，而更多地是一个决策过程，是在评估和研究英国和全球在特定历史阶段的情景后做出的选择。研究梳理了麦金德思想的脉络与背景，并在研判英国所处的全球地缘环境背景的基础上，考察了其“心脏地带”理论的演变。通过解析以麦金德为代表的古典地缘政治学思想，使得将拼装理论应用于地缘政治思想解读成为可能，从而有助于推动地缘环境的理论与应用研究，促进对当前复杂的国际形势进行深入而准确的解释。
    Halford Mackinder's thoughts have long been considered as one of the most classic theory of geopolitics. Mackinder sparked the geopolitical analysis by opening up a worldwide strategic perspective and tying the absolute geographical environment to the relational space, profoundly influencing the country's geo-strategy. However, with the tremendous advancements in science and technology, critical geopolitics offers an all-encompassing critique of the classical geopolitics represented by Mackinder. As embodied in Mackinder's paradox, critics argue that geographical determinism cannot sufficiently explain the contemporary complexity of the global political landscape. Both sides, however, share a common flaw, which is their incomplete understanding of Mackinder's geopolitical thoughts. That is, they bone up on a single perspective and neglect the whole context. This paper seeks to interpret Mackinder's thoughts through an assemblage approach, which increasingly engages in geographical analysis as a descriptor for spatial and relational orders and processes. It suggests that Mackinder's thoughts itself are not a principle of truth but rather a decision-making process and a choice made after assessing the United Kingdom and global situation at a specific historical stage. Empirically, this paper examines the context of the United Kingdom in which Mackinder's thoughts emerged and the evolution of the “heartland” theory. Come down to earth, it concludes that applying assemblage theory to geopolitics allows for a deep and accurate interpretation of the current complex international situation.