Typical residential outdoor spaces in a subtropical humid climate region were selected for meteorological measures and the distribution of subjective questionnaires to elderly residents. We used a random combination of audio-visual environments to investigate the relationship between visual-acoustic-thermal comfort and overall comfort for the elderly. We found that: 1) Sound type (STP) and A-weighted equivalent continuous sound pressure level (LAeq) had significant effects on the elderly acoustic sensation vote (ASV) and acoustic comfort vote (ACV). Illumination intensity (LUX) and visible green index (VGI) had significant effects on the sunlight sensation vote (SSV) and visual comfort vote (VCV). SSV corresponding to the most comfortable visual perception decreased with the increase of VGI. 2) STP, LAeq, LUX and VGI had significant effects on both the thermal sensation vote (TSV) and thermal comfort vote (TCV). Physiological equivalent temperature (PET), LUX and VGI had no significant effects on ASV and ACV; PET had an impact on SSV, while STP and LAeq had an impact on VCV. 3) Acoustic and thermal comfort had a one-vote veto tendency relative to overall comfort, but no absolute veto power. Thermal comfort had the greatest impact on overall comfort, followed by acoustic comfort. 4) We used binary logistic regression to predict overall comfort of elderly adults with subjective and objective parameters. The predictive accuracy of the model was 84.7%, indicating a good performance.

outdoor thermal comfort,elderly people